What is meloidogyne spp.?

Meloidogyne spp. are commonly known as root-knot nematodes. They are microscopic roundworms that parasitize plant roots and cause significant damage to a wide range of crops including vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, and field crops. Root-knot nematodes are found throughout the world and pose a threat to global food security by reducing crop yields and quality. There are over 100 identified species of Meloidogyne with varying host ranges and geographic distribution. The lifecycle of Meloidogyne spp. involves egg-laying, hatching, and several juvenile stages before maturing to adult female or male worms. They can survive in soil for several years and can be spread through contaminated soil, infected plants, and agricultural equipment. Control measures include crop rotation, use of resistant plant varieties, and chemical treatments. However, due to the significant economic impact of Meloidogyne spp., research is ongoing to develop more sustainable and effective control methods.